IMPLICIT PARALLELISM All hyperplanes competing simultaneously! But have a small finite sample in population. The sample is quickly not random (biased) note: selection is an exponential bias/heuristic participation in the population is "proportional" to the fitness across all hyperplanes!! BUILDING BLOCK HYPOTHESIS (xover) small blocks of good values are joined to make larger blocks of good value (you wish) to have effective xover (otherwise don't use xover) EPISTASIS (property of the problem) interaction between genes. you need to know the value of more than one gene at a time to determine fitness. The "background" makes a difference on the value of a gene. f(abcde) = a*4 + b*3 + c*(-4) + d*(-9) + e*3 f(abcde) = a*4 + b*3 + c*(-4) + d*(-9) + e*3 + (a & e ? 5 : 0) + (a & b & c ? -7 : 0) HYPERPLANES abcde 11001 10*** ***11 10*11 3^n hyperplanes in an n dimensional cube *101* 0***0 0***1 1***0 1***1 *0**0 *0**1 *1**0 *1**1 00 01 10 11 0* *0 1* *1